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Paper I — 2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) — Q3

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Paper I
2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) · 40 marks · 120 min

Question

Carvedilol

Q33 marksShort Notes

Answer

Carvedilol is a non-selective beta blocker with additional α1-blocking activity.

Mechanism of action

  • Blocks β1 and β2 receptors (reducing heart rate, contractility, renin release) and also blocks α1 receptors (causing vasodilatation, reducing afterload)
  • Also has antioxidant properties

Uses

  • Chronic heart failure (improves survival — one of the evidence-based beta-blockers for CHF)
  • Hypertension
  • Angina pectoris

Adverse effects

  • Postural hypotension (α-blockade)
  • Bradycardia, fatigue
  • Bronchospasm (non-selective β-blockade — caution in asthma/COPD)
  • Worsening of acute decompensated heart failure if not carefully titrated
  1. 1Adrenergic System

Other Years Asked

  1. 1Briefly describe Adrenaline. Advantage of combining Adrenaline with Lignocaine. Mention the sites where this combination is contraindicated. (4+3+1)2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
  2. 2Classify drugs used in treatment of chronic simple glaucoma. Write the mechanism of action and adverse effects of Beta blockers. (4+4)2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
  3. 3Classify Beta blockers. Write the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and contraindications of Propranolol. (3+3)2025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
  4. 4 100 mm of Hg. (2+2+2).  What drug will you prescribe to take care of both BPH & hypertension  Explain the mechanism of action of the drug in this patient  What do you understand by ‘first dose effect’ of Prazosin2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
  5. 5Enumerate Alpha blockers and explain their therapeutic uses. (1+3)2022 February (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  6. 6Enumerate four therapeutic uses of Adrenaline, with its rationale for use in each condition.2023 January (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  7. 7Metoprolol2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  8. 8Cardioselective beta blockers2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  9. 9Dopamine in cardiogenic shock.2016 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  10. 10Prazosin2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  11. 11Therapeutic uses of adrenergic drugs.2016 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  12. 12Adrenaline2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  13. 13Dopamine2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  14. 14Nasal decongestants2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  15. 15Propranolol in thyroid storm2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  16. 16Rationale of using terazosin in benign prostatic hypertrophy2015 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  17. 17The following statement regarding thyroid hormone is FALSE:2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)MCQ · 1 mark
  18. 18Prazosin in Benign hypertrophy of prostate.2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  19. 19Propranolol in thyrotoxicosis2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  20. 20Propranolol2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  21. 21Adrenaline.2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  22. 22Two uses and two adverse effects of propranolol.2015 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  23. 23Nasal decongestants.2015 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  24. 24Cardio selective beta blockers2015 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  25. 25Prazosin2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  26. 26Mrs. Rose’s intraocular pressure (IOP) is 28 mmHg. Which class of drugs is most likely to lower IOP by decreasing aqueous humour production2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme)MCQ (Case) · 1 mark
  27. 27Rationale for use of prazosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  28. 28Adrenaline in anaphylactic shock2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  29. 29Nasal decongestants2015 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  30. 30Benign prostatic hypertrophy.2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  31. 31Use of prazosin in benign prostatic hypertrophy2017 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  32. 32The beta-adrenergic blockers preferred in hyperthyroidism is:2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)MCQ · 1 mark
  33. 33Norepinephrine lacks the following action:2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)MCQ · 1 mark
  34. 34Selective alpha blockers2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  35. 35Cardio selective beta blockers2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  36. 36Beta 2 sympathomimetic drugs2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  37. 37Prazosin2020 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  38. 38Finasteride in benign prostatic hypertrophy2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  39. 39Nasal decongestants2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  40. 40Cardio selective beta blocker2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  41. 41Cardioselective beta blockers.2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  42. 42Propranolol in glaucoma Name the following (Two examples for each): (5x1=5)2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  43. 43Topical nasal decongestants2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  44. 44 Propranolol to treat arrhythmia following myocardial infarction Name the following (Two examples for each): (5x1=5)2019 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  45. 45Tamsulosin in Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy. Name the following (Two examples for each): (8x1=8)2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
  46. 46Drugs used for Smoking cessation2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
  47. 47Phentolamine for the treatment of Benign hypertrophy of prostate (BPH) in elderly patients2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
  48. 48Nasal decongestants.2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks

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