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Paper II — 2015 February (2010 Scheme) — Q8

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Paper II
2015 February (2010 Scheme) · 40 marks · 120 min

Question

Prevention of vertical transmission HIV infection

Q81 marksShort Answers

Answer

Prevention of mother-to-child (vertical) transmission of HIV is achieved with combination antiretroviral therapy given to the mother during pregnancy and labour and to the newborn after delivery: Zidovudine (given antenatally, intrapartum IV, and to the newborn for the first weeks of life) combined with Nevirapine (single dose to mother in labour and to the newborn), along with avoidance of breastfeeding where safe alternative feeding is available, and elective caesarean section in select cases with high viral load.

  1. 1Antihypertensives

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  4. 4(2023 January (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
  5. 5Enumerate five groups of anti- hypertensive drugs with examples of each. Discuss the mechanism of action, adverse effects and therapeutic uses of any one of them. (2+2+1+1)2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
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  7. 7Classify drugs used in hypertension with TWO examples each. Briefly describe any one group with its mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects (4+2)2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 6 marks
  8. 8(2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
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  10. 10Classify Antihypertensive drugs. Describe the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Amlodipine. (3+3)2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
  11. 11Explain the pharmacological basis for using diuretics in hypertension with an example. Mention two antihypertensives used in pregnancy. (3+1)2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  12. 12Ramipril2015 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  13. 13Furosemide.2025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  14. 14Telmisartan2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  15. 15Ramipril2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  16. 16Sodium nitroprusside.2025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  17. 17Sodium nitroprusside2014 March (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  18. 18Furosemide2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  19. 19Frusemide2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  20. 20Losartan.2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  21. 21Losartan2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  22. 22Enalapril2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  23. 23Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in congestive cardiac failure2019 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  24. 24Hypertensive emergencies.2016 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  25. 25Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  26. 26Hypertensive emergencies.2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  27. 27Rationale for use of dantrolene sodium in malignant hypertension2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  28. 28Anti hypertensives used in emergencies2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  29. 29Hypertensive emergency2017 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  30. 30Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor2015 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  31. 31Aldosterone antagonists2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  32. 32Ergometrine in Postpartum Hemorhage (PPH) Name the following (Two examples for each) (5x1=5)2020 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  33. 33 Verapamil in hypertension2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  34. 34amlodipine in hypertension with renal failure2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  35. 35Methylergometrine for induction of labour Name the following (Two examples for each) (5x1=5)2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  36. 36Drugs for Hypertensive emergencies2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
  37. 37 Methyl ergometrine in Postpartum hemorrhage. Name the following (Two examples for each): (8x1=8)2023 January (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
  38. 38 Ergometrine for Post-partum haemorrhage2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks

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