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Paper II — 2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) — Q6

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Paper II
2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) · 40 marks · 120 min

Question

Tissue cell line culture

Q62 marksShort Notes

Answer

Tissue (cell line) culture is the technique of growing/maintaining cells outside the body in a controlled artificial environment — one of three classical methods for propagating viruses (alongside embryonated eggs and laboratory animal inoculation), central to diagnostic virology, vaccine production, and research.

Types: primary cell culture (freshly derived from tissue, limited passage capability, retains normal diploid karyotype); diploid cell strain (e.g., WI-38, MRC-5 — retains diploid karyotype, extended but finite passage, used for certain vaccines); continuous (established) cell line (e.g., HeLa, Vero cells — derived from malignant/transformed cells, indefinite passage capability, aneuploid karyotype).

Detection of viral growth: cytopathic effect (CPE) — visible morphological changes (rounding, syncytium formation, cell lysis); haemadsorption — for viruses causing minimal CPE but expressing haemagglutinin on the infected cell surface; interference — detecting a non-cytopathic virus by its ability to block a second, known cytopathic virus.

Applications: viral isolation/diagnosis, vaccine production (many modern vaccines grown in Vero cells), antiviral susceptibility testing, and research.

  1. 1General Properties of Viruses and Virus Host Interaction

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  14. 14Active immunity.2017 February (2010 Scheme)Short Essay · 5 marks
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  18. 18Describe immunoglobulin G (IgG)2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Essay · 5 marks
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  38. 38Prions2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
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  50. 50Primary cell culture2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  51. 51Natural passive immunity2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  52. 52Opportunistic viral infections in AIDS patients.2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  53. 53Virus cultivation by cell culture method.2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
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  55. 55Gamma interferon.2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
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  72. 72Morphology of bacteriophage2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
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