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Paper I — 2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) — Q9

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Paper I
2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) · 40 marks · 120 min

Question

Trihexyphenidyl in drug induced extrapyramidal syndrome

Q91 marksShort Answers

Answer

Drug-induced extrapyramidal syndrome (e.g., from antipsychotics) results from D2 receptor blockade in the nigrostriatal pathway, disrupting the normal dopamine-acetylcholine balance and causing relative cholinergic overactivity in the striatum. Trihexyphenidyl, a centrally-acting anticholinergic, blocks this excess cholinergic activity, restoring the dopamine-acetylcholine balance and relieving the extrapyramidal symptoms (rigidity, tremor, dystonia) — since levodopa is not appropriate here (the problem is receptor blockade, not dopamine deficiency, and levodopa could worsen the underlying psychosis).

  1. 1Cholinergic System

Other Years Asked

  1. 1(2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
  2. 2(2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
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  5. 5Read the clinical problem and answer the following questions:2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
  6. 6min. He gives history of spraying a strong insecticide in his agricultural field. (2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
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  9. 9Classify atropine substitutes, explain their uses and adverse effects (3+2+1)2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
  10. 10A patient suffering from schizophrenia was being treated with haloperidol for the last four weeks. Now he developed rigidity, tremors, hypokinesia and classical gait. Answer the following:2017 February (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
  11. 11What is the rationale of using Beta-blockers in Glaucoma.2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  12. 12Therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Neostigmine2022 February (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  13. 13Pharmacotherapy of Organophosphorous poisoning2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  14. 14Pharmacological basis for the use of Timolol in glaucoma.2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  15. 15Pharmacological management of Myasthenia gravis.2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  16. 16Treatment of organophosphorus poisoning2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  17. 17Drug treatment of anti cholinesterase poisoning2013 April (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  18. 18Neostigmine2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  19. 19Treatment of organophosphorous poisoning2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  20. 20Atropine2015 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  21. 21Therapeutic uses and adverse effects of atropine.2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  22. 22Neostigmine.2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  23. 23Edrophonium2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
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  29. 29Anti- muscarinic drugs2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
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  34. 34Explain the rationale for the use of oximes in organophosphorus poisoning.2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  35. 35Rationale for use of pilocarpine in glaucoma2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  36. 36Two uses and two adverse effects of atropine2014 March (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  37. 37Rationale for use of physostigmine in atropine poisoning2015 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  38. 38Rationale for the use of glycopyrrolate in pre-anesthetic medication.2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  39. 39Cholinesterase reactivators2015 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  40. 40Atropine as antisecretory agent2019 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  41. 41The preferred first-line pharmacologic treatment for open-angle glaucoma is:2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme)MCQ (Case) · 1 mark
  42. 42Used in treatment of acute congestive glaucoma2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  43. 43Why is benzhexol used in the treatment of drug induced Parkinsonism.2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  44. 44Drugs used in Myasthenia gravis2013 April (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
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  47. 47Vesico-selective anticholinergics2020 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
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  49. 49 Ketoconazole in fungal meningitis Name the following (Two examples for each) (5x1=5)2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
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  58. 58Drugs used to treat Organophosphorus poisoning2022 February (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
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  60. 60Benzhexol in chlorpromazine induced Parkinsonism Name the following (Two examples for each): (8x1=8)2023 January (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks

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