Revise MBBS

Paper II — 2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme) — Q6

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Paper II
2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme) · 100 marks · 180 min

Question

Enumerate Antiemetics. Add a brief note on mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of the most effective group. (3+3)

Q66 marksShort Essays

Answer

Classification of antiemetics

ClassExamples
5-HT3 receptor antagonistsOndansetron, Granisetron
D2 receptor antagonistsMetoclopramide, Domperidone
NK1 receptor antagonistsAprepitant
Antihistaminics/anticholinergicsPromethazine, Hyoscine
CorticosteroidsDexamethasone

Most effective group — 5-HT3 receptor antagonists Mechanism: block serotonin receptors both peripherally (vagal afferents — chemotherapy damages intestinal mucosa, triggering enterochromaffin cells to release serotonin) and centrally at the chemoreceptor trigger zone, interrupting the dominant emetogenic pathway activated by chemotherapy/radiotherapy.

Uses: chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (first-line), radiotherapy-induced emesis, post-operative nausea/vomiting.

Adverse effects: headache and constipation (5-HT3 receptors also mediate normal GI motility), QT prolongation (a class-wide caution, more prominent with ondansetron).

  1. 1Antiemetics

Other Years Asked

  1. 1Enumerate Antiemetic drugs. Explain the Mechanism of action, uses and adverse effect of any one group. Briefly describe proton pump inhibitors (6+4+5)2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 15 marks
  2. 2List three classes of Antiemetics. Write the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of the most effective Antiemetic group. (3+5)2023 January (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
  3. 3Metoclopramide2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  4. 4Ondansetron2019 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  5. 5Aprepitant2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  6. 6Ondansetron2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  7. 7Metoclopramide2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  8. 8Domperidone2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  9. 9Aprepitant2016 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  10. 10Metoclopramide in vomiting.2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  11. 11Cinnarizine2023 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  12. 12Metoclopramide2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  13. 135HT3 Antagonist (eg. ondansetron) is used in Chemotherapy induced vomiting2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  14. 145HT antagonists2013 April (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  15. 15Antiemetic agents2015 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  16. 16Mechanism of action of metoclopramide2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  17. 17Vomiting2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  18. 18Metoclopramide.2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  19. 19Motion sickness.2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  20. 20Domperidone in chemotherapy induced vomiting.2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  21. 21Antiemetics2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  22. 22Cetirizine for motion sickness Name the following (Two examples for each): (8x1=8)2022 February (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
  23. 23Prokinetic agents.2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks

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