Paper II — 2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) — Q7

Paper II

2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)

Question

Vildagliptin

Q73 marksShort Notes★✓

Answer

Vildagliptin is a DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitor, an oral antidiabetic drug.

Mechanism of action

• Inhibits DPP-4, the enzyme that degrades incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP)
• Increases levels of active incretins, which enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppress glucagon secretion

Uses

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus (monotherapy or combination therapy)

Adverse effects

• Generally well tolerated: nasopharyngitis, headache
• Low risk of hypoglycaemia (glucose-dependent action)
• Rare: pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity (requires monitoring)
• Weight-neutral (advantage over sulfonylureas/insulin)

Related Concepts

1. 1Diabetes Mellitus and Oral Hypoglycaemic Drugs

Other Years Asked

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2. 2(2022 February (2019 Scheme)Essay · 15 marks
3. 3m2. He was asymptomatic and investigations revealed no end organ damage. He was advised suitable diet, exercise and other lifestyle modifications.2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 10 marks
4. 4(2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 10 marks
5. 5(2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
6. 6(2022 February (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
7. 7Classify Oral anti diabetic drugs. Write the MOA and adverse effects of sulfonyl urea. (2+2+2)2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
8. 8Classify oral anti diabetic drugs and explain the mechanism of action of any two groups. Mention one insulin analog and list one advantage of it over conventional insulin (2+3+1=6)2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
9. 9Classify oral hypoglycemic agents. Explain the mechanism of action and adverse effects of any one group. (2+2+2)2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
10. 10A 25years old insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patient develops sweating, anxiety, palpitations and tremors after performing vigorous exercise. Answer the following:2016 February (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
11. 11Classify Oral Anti diabetic drugs. Describe the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Metformin. (2+2+1+1)2. A 30 years old male patient admitted to hospital with a complaint of fever with chills since 5 days. Severe headache and yellowish discolouration of conjunctiva present. He is drowsy and irritable. Peripheral smear shows gametocytes of plasmodium falciparum. He is using chloroquine since onset of fever but fever not subsided.2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
12. 12Classify oral hypoglycemic drugs. Explain the mechanism of action, uses and side effects of sulfonylureas. (2+2+1+1)2018 February (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
13. 13dl, HbA1c was 8%. A diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes was made….2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
14. 14Enumerate the newer insulin analogues. What is the advantage of using insulin analogues over conventional insulin. How will you manage insulin resistance. (2+2+2)2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
15. 15dL, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA12025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
16. 16Enumerate insulin analogues and tabulate their pharmacokinetic characteristics.2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
17. 17Classify insulins according to the duration of action giving suitable examples.2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
18. 18Metformin.2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
19. 19Alpha glucosidase inhibitors2014 March (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
20. 20Insulin analogues.2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
21. 21Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
22. 22Sulfonylureas in type II diabetes mellitus.2017 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
23. 23Short acting insulin analogues2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
24. 24Insulin analogs2013 April (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
25. 25Newer Insulins2023 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
26. 26Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 inhibitors2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
27. 27Metformin2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
28. 28Insulin used in diabetic ketoacidosis2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
29. 29Longest acting insulin given as once daily dose2015 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
30. 30Insulin analogues2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
31. 31Peroxysome proliferator activated receptor gamma agonists2015 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
32. 32Metformin2023 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
33. 33Metformin2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
34. 34Short acting insulin analogues2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
35. 35Short acting Insulin analogues2025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
36. 36Long acting Insulin analogues2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
37. 37 Lente insulin in diabetic ketoacidosis Name the following (Two examples for each) (5x1=5)2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
38. 38Long acting Insulin analogs2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
39. 39Sitagliptin for insulin resistance in a diabetic patient.2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks