Paper I — 2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) — Q10

Paper I

2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) · 40 marks · 120 min

Question

Mechanism of action of nitrates.

Q101 marksShort Answers★✓

Answer

Nitrates release nitric oxide (NO), which activates guanylyl cyclase in vascular smooth muscle, increasing intracellular cGMP. This causes dephosphorylation of myosin light chains, leading to smooth muscle relaxation — predominantly venodilatation (reducing preload) with some arteriolar dilatation (reducing afterload), along with coronary vasodilatation, which together reduce myocardial oxygen demand and relieve anginal pain.

Related Concepts

1. 1Antianginal Drugs

Other Years Asked

1. 1Mr. X, a 65-year-old retired teacher had severe retrosternal chest pain radiating to shoulder and left arm. He was profusely sweating and his ECG revealed ST elevation and a diagnosis of Acute Myocardial infarction was made. (2022 February (2019 Scheme)Essay · 15 marks
2. 2(2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 9 marks
3. 3(2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
4. 4Classify drugs used in the treatment of angina pectoris. What is the effect of nitrates on coronary blood flow. Describe the mechanism of action and any two adverse effects of nitrates. (2+1+2+1 =6)2017 February (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
5. 5A 60-year-old man gives history of chest pain, sweating and breathlessness on brisk walking, which is relieved on taking rest.  Classify drugs that are useful in this condition.  Explain the mechanism and pharmacological actions, uses and adverse effects of nitrates (2+4)2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
6. 6Nicorandil2013 April (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
7. 7Calcium channel blockers2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
8. 8Amlodipine2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
9. 9Two uses and two adverse effects of calcium channel blockers.2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
10. 10Use of morphine in left ventricular failure2017 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
11. 11Amlodipine and metoprolol in angina2023 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
12. 12Calcium channel blockers2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
13. 13Rationale of combining beta blockers with long acting nitrates2013 April (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
14. 14Morphine in Acute myocardial infarction2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
15. 15Glyceryl trinitrate.2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
16. 16Rationale for use of calcium channel blockers in angina2015 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
17. 17Angina pectoris2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
18. 18Rationale for the use of nitrates in angina pectoris.2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
19. 19Nitrates in acute attack of angina.2016 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
20. 20Isosorbidedinitrate2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
21. 21Morphine in Acute left ventricular failure.2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
22. 22Drugs for the prophylaxis of angina pectoris2014 March (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
23. 23Morphine in Acute left ventricular failure2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
24. 24Two uses and two adverse effect of nifedipine.2016 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
25. 25Sodium nitrite in the treatment of Cyanide poisoning2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
26. 26Beta blockers in angina2020 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
27. 27Anti anginal agents2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
28. 28Drugs used for PSVT2020 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks