Question
Sodium nitrite in the treatment of Cyanide poisoning
Q9 1 marks Short Answers ★ ✓
Answer
Cyanide binds and inhibits mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase, blocking the electron transport chain and causing cellular (histotoxic) hypoxia despite normal oxygen delivery. Sodium nitrite induces the formation of methemoglobin, whose ferric (Fe³⁺) iron has a much higher affinity for cyanide than does cytochrome oxidase — cyanide is drawn away from cytochrome oxidase to bind methemoglobin instead (forming cyanmethemoglobin), restoring mitochondrial function. Sodium thiosulfate is typically given afterward to convert the released cyanide to thiocyanate (via rhodanese), which is renally excreted.
1 Antianginal Drugs
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