Paper I
2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) · 40 marks · 120 min

Question

Morphine in Acute left ventricular failure.

Q101 marksShort Answers

Answer

Morphine is used in acute left ventricular failure because it produces venodilation (histamine-mediated and direct), reducing venous return and preload, which relieves pulmonary congestion; it also reduces anxiety and the sympathetic drive associated with air hunger, and its mild respiratory-centre depressant action can help slow rapid, shallow breathing to a more effective pattern. Used cautiously given the risk of respiratory depression, and no longer considered first-line in current guidelines.

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