Question
Protease inhibitors
Q5 3 marks Short Notes ★ ✓
Answer
Protease inhibitors are antiretroviral drugs used in HIV infection.
Examples
Ritonavir, Lopinavir, Atazanavir, Indinavir
Mechanism of action
Inhibit HIV protease, blocking cleavage of the gag-pol polyprotein into functional structural/enzymatic proteins, resulting in immature, non-infectious virions
Uses
Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), typically boosted with low-dose ritonavir (CYP3A4 inhibition increases plasma levels of the co-administered PI)
Adverse effects
GI upset
Lipodystrophy
Dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance
Hepatotoxicity
Multiple drug interactions (CYP450 inhibition)
1 Antiviral Drugs
Other Years Asked
1 A Resident surgeon consults a physician with the following problem: During a surgical
procedure he got exposed to a 26-year-old female patient’s blood and saliva through a
piercing injury on the finger. A needle had penetrated across his gloves and skin to a
depth of 2–3 mm, but was withdrawn immediately and the area washed under running
water. On enquiry, the patient revealed that one year back she had tested HIV (Human
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