Question
Anti thyroid drugs
Q53 marksShort Notes
Answer
Classification
- Thioamides: Carbimazole, Methimazole, Propylthiouracil
- Iodine and iodine-containing compounds: Lugol’s iodine
- Radioactive iodine: I-131
- Anion inhibitors: Potassium perchlorate (rarely used)
- Beta-blockers (adjunctive, for symptomatic control): Propranolol
Mechanism of action (thioamides)
- Inhibit thyroid peroxidase, blocking iodine organification and coupling of iodotyrosines → decreased synthesis of T3/T4
- Propylthiouracil additionally inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
Uses
- Hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease (medical management, or pre-surgical/pre-radioiodine control)
- Thyroid storm (propylthiouracil preferred)
- Pregnancy (propylthiouracil preferred in first trimester)
Adverse effects
- Agranulocytosis (serious, requires monitoring)
- Hepatotoxicity
- Rash, pruritus
- Hypothyroidism/goitre with overtreatment
- 1Thyroid Hormones and Antithyroid Drugs
Other Years Asked
- 1T4 and very low TSH
levels. A diagnosis of hyperthyroidism was made.
(2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 10 marks
- 2Compare Radioactive Iodine and Carbimazole.2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
- 3Classify Thyroid inhibitor drugs. Describe the mechanism of action, and adverse
effects of carbimazole. Explain the role of iodides in hyperthyroidism. (2+2+2)2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 4(2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 5A 32years old woman, presented with complaints of weight loss, palpitations,
sweating, irregular menses and occasional tremors of hands since 2-3 months.
Clinical examination revealed a diffusely enlarged thyroid gland and blood tests
showed decreased TSH. She was started on medication for Grave’s disease.2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 6Classify antithyroid drugs. Write the advantages and disadvantages of using
radioactive Iodine. (2+2+2)2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 7A 35 years old woman came with complaints of heat intolerance, retraction of upper eyelid
and menstrual irregularities. Her T3 , T4 , FT4 & FT3 are elevated while TSH is suppressed.
Answer the following:2015 February (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 8Treatment of thyrotoxic crisis.2023 January (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
- 9Pharmacotherapy of Thyrotoxic crisis (thyroid storm)2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
- 10Mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of Radio active iodine.2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
- 11Carbimazole2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
- 12Radioactive Iodine2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
- 13Radioactive Iodine2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
- 14Lugol’s Iodine is given for 10 days prior to thyroidectomy surgery for Grave’s
disease.2023 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 15Anti-thyroid drugs2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 16Explain the use of propranolol in thyrotoxicosis.2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 17Methimazole acts by:2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)MCQ · 1 mark
- 18Antithyroid drugs2013 April (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 19Drug used in thyrotoxic crisis2014 March (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 20Propylthiouracil2025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 21Anti- thyroid drugs safe during pregnancy2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 22Thyrotoxic crisis.2015 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 23Anti thyroid drugs2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 24Radioactive iodine2020 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 25Use of Propranolol in Thyrotoxic crisis.2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 26The preferred drug for her is:2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)MCQ · 1 mark
- 27 Carbimazole for treatment of Thyroid storm2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
- 28Antithyroid drugs2019 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
