Paper I — 2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) — Q20

Paper I

2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) · 100 marks · 180 min

Question

What is an adjuvant. Give one example.

Q201 marks★✓

Answer

Adjuvant: a substance added to a vaccine to enhance/augment the immune response to the co-administered antigen, without itself having specific antigenic effect — it works by prolonging antigen retention at the injection site, enhancing antigen uptake/presentation, or stimulating innate immune activation, thereby increasing the magnitude and/or durability of the resulting adaptive immune response.

Example: Aluminium salts (alum) — one of the most widely used adjuvants in human vaccines (e.g., in DPT, Hepatitis B vaccine).

Related Concepts

1. 1Vaccines and Immunoprophylaxis

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