Question
Ciprofloxacin
Q73 marksShort Notes
Answer
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
Mechanism of action
- Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV
- Prevents DNA supercoiling/replication → bactericidal
Spectrum
- Broad-spectrum, especially potent against Gram-negative organisms (E. coli, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Shigella, Neisseria)
- Moderate activity against some Gram-positive organisms; poor against anaerobes and streptococci
Uses
- Urinary tract infections
- Typhoid fever
- Gastroenteritis/bacillary dysentery
- Respiratory tract infections (including Pseudomonas in cystic fibrosis)
- Gonorrhoea (where not resistant)
- Anthrax (prophylaxis/treatment)
Adverse effects
- GI upset (nausea, diarrhoea)
- Tendinitis/tendon rupture (especially Achilles)
- Arthropathy in growing cartilage — avoided in children and pregnancy
- CNS effects (headache, dizziness, rarely seizures)
- QT prolongation
- Photosensitivity
- 1Quinolones
Other Years Asked
- 1Prasad, 40-year-man weighing 60 kg suffering from chronic cough with expectoration and
fever was diagnosed to have cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis.
(2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 15 marks
- 2Ritu, 40-year-old female with complaints of high fever with chills. On asking, she revealed
dysuria, urgency etc. A diagnosis of Acute lower urinary tract infection was made.
(2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 15 marks
- 3A 30-year-old male patient with history of productive cough, evening rise of temperature
and weight loss since 1 month visits a physician in a tertiary care hospital. On
investigation, patient was positive for acid fast bacilli in the sputum and a diagnosis of
pulmonary tuberculosis was made.
(2023 January (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 11 marks
- 4(2023 January (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
- 5Classify fluoroquinolones. Explain the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects
of fluoroquinolones. (2+1+2+1)2020 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 6Classify drugs used in the treatment of Tuberculosis. Outline the mechanism of
action, adverse effects and uses of Rifampicin. (2+4)2025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 7A 20 years old pregnant women developed a mild bacterial upper respiratory tract
infection. She was given cap. tetracycline 250 mg thrice daily for 3 days. Answer the
following questions:2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 8Enumerate the second generation fluoroquinolones. What is their mechanism of
action. What are the adverse effects produced by them. (2+2+2)2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 9Read the clinical problem and answer the following questions. A 20 years old pregnant woman
developed a mild upper respiratory tract infection .She was given cap. Tetracycline 250mg thrice
daily for three days.2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 10Discuss in detail about FOUR pharmacokinetic drug interactions with suitable examples.2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 6 marks
- 11Classification of fluoroquinolones .Describe the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and
adverse effects of sparfloxacin. (2 + 2+ 2 =6)2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 12Classify the drugs used in Chemotherapy of Tuberculosis. Write the mechanism of
action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Rifampicin (3+3)2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 13A 40 years old female patient admitted to hospital with a complaint of fever with chills
and right loin pain since 5 days. She is a known diabetic. Urine microscopy shows
plenty of pus cells and gram negative bacilli. Her serum creatinine is moderately
elevated. Ultra sonogram of abdomen suggestive of acute pyelonephritis of right
kidney.2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 14A 24-year-old female with fever and chills came to causality. Gives history of
urinary urgency and dysuria. Urine examination confirmed acute lower urinary
tract infection and urine sample given for culture and sensitivity.
(2023 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
- 15Ciprofloxacin2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
- 16Ciprofloxacin2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
- 17Ciprofloxacin2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
- 18Treatment of multi drug resistance tuberculosis2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
- 19Gatifloxacin.2015 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
- 20Ofloxacin2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
- 21Non systemic antacids2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
- 22Ciprofloxacin2025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 23Ciprofloxacin2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 24Mechanism of action of ciprofloxacin2015 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 25Fluoroquinolones2014 March (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 26The antibiotics known to target bacterial protein synthesis are:2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme)MCQ (Multi) · 1 mark
- 27Assertion (A): Penicillin G is a broad-spectrum antibiotic.
Reason (R): Broad-spectrum antibiotics are known to cause superinfections.2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)MCQ · 1 mark
- 28Fluroquinolones.2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
- 29 Amoxicillin in urinary tract infection in pregnancy
Name the following (Two examples for each) (5x1=5)2019 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
- 30Drugs used for typhoid fever2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
- 31 Amikacin in gonorrhoea
Name the following (Two examples for each): (8x1=8)2022 February (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
- 32Drugs active against pseudomonas infection2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
