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Paper II — 2016 February (2010 Scheme) — Q6

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Paper II
2016 February (2010 Scheme) · 40 marks · 120 min

Question

Cyclosporine

Q63 marksShort Notes

Answer

Cyclosporine is a calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant.

Mechanism of action

  • Binds to cyclophilin (an intracellular immunophilin), and this complex inhibits calcineurin
  • Calcineurin normally activates the transcription factor NFAT, which promotes IL-2 gene transcription
  • By inhibiting calcineurin, cyclosporine suppresses IL-2 production, reducing T-lymphocyte activation and proliferation (selective effect on cell-mediated immunity)

Uses

  • Prevention of organ transplant rejection (kidney, liver, heart)
  • Severe rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis (refractory cases)
  • Nephrotic syndrome

Adverse effects

  • Nephrotoxicity (dose-limiting)
  • Hypertension
  • Hepatotoxicity
  • Gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism
  • Increased susceptibility to infections and malignancy (immunosuppression)
  • Tremor
  1. 1Immunosuppressants

Other Years Asked

  1. 1(2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
  2. 2Ramu, a 35 years old male is suffering from end stage kidney disease. His brother has come forward to donate his kidney for Ramu. What immunosuppressant drugs are required to inhibit rejection of transplanted kidney. Explain the mechanism of action and side effects of cyclosporine. (2+2+2)2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
  3. 3Monoclonal antibodies and their uses2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  4. 4Cyclosporine2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  5. 5Tacrolimus2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
  6. 6Assertion (A): Cyclosporine is used as a part of induction regimen to prevent organ transplant rejection. Reason (R): Cyclosporine inhibits TNFα secreted by activated macrophages and other immune cells.2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)MCQ · 1 mark
  7. 7Immunosuppressive in organ transplantation2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  8. 8Calcineurin inhibitors2014 March (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
  9. 9Immunosuppressants2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  10. 10Drugs for prevention of rejection of organ transplantation2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
  11. 11Cytokine inhibitors.2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
  12. 12 Sirolimus for graft rejection reaction in Renal failure patient. Name the following (Two examples for each): (8x1=8)2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
  13. 13Drugs to treat Irritable bowel disease2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
  14. 14Calcineurin inhibitors2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks

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