Paper I — 2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) — Q1

Paper I

2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) · 40 marks · 120 min

Question

List the various routes of drug administration with suitable examples. Write the merits and demerits of Intravenous route of drug administration. (3+3)

Q16 marksEssays★✓

Answer

Routes of drug administration, with examples

Route	Examples
Oral	Paracetamol, Amoxicillin
Sublingual	Glyceryl trinitrate
Intravenous	Furosemide, general anesthetics
Intramuscular	Adrenaline (in anaphylaxis), Diazepam
Subcutaneous	Insulin, Heparin
Topical/transdermal	GTN patch, hydrocortisone cream
Inhalational	Salbutamol, halothane
Rectal	Diazepam (in febrile seizures)

Merits and demerits of the intravenous route

Merits: 100% bioavailability (no absorption barrier), most rapid onset of action — essential in emergencies; permits precise, titratable dosing; large volumes and irritant/hypertonic solutions can be given (which would damage other tissues).

Demerits: irreversible once injected (cannot be recalled if an adverse reaction occurs); requires aseptic technique and trained personnel; risk of infection, thrombophlebitis, and extravasation injury; not suitable for oily or insoluble substances; higher cost and inconvenience compared to oral dosing.

Related Concepts

1. 1Introduction and Routes of Drug Administration

Other Years Asked

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2. 2Advantages and disadvantages of intravenous route of drug administration2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
3. 3Trans dermal therapeutic system2015 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
4. 4Transdermal drug delivery system.2025 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
5. 5Two advantages and two disadvantages of i.v. route of drug administration.2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
6. 6Sublingual administration of drugs2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
7. 7New drug delivery systems.2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
8. 8Parenteral iron preparations2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
9. 9Assertion (A): Nitroglycerine is administered by sublingual route in acute attack of angina pectoris. Reason (R): Nitroglycerine has high oral bioavailability2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)MCQ · 1 mark
10. 10Available as transdermal patch2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
11. 11Drugs administered by inhalation route.2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
12. 12Transdermal patch2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.3 marks
13. 13Drugs administered transdermally.2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks
14. 14Drugs used to treat Vertigo2022 February (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 0.2 marks