Paper II — 2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) — Q1
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Paper II
2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)
Question
Classify drugs used in treatment of Peptic ulcer. Describe briefly Omeprazole. (3+3)
Q16 marksEssays
Answer
Classification of drugs for peptic ulcer
Group
Examples
Proton pump inhibitors
Omeprazole, Lansoprazole
H2 receptor antagonists
Ranitidine, Famotidine
Antacids
Aluminium hydroxide, Magnesium trisilicate
Mucosal protective agents
Sucralfate, Misoprostol
Omeprazole
A proton pump inhibitor. MOA: a prodrug that accumulates in the acidic parietal cell canaliculus, is converted to its active sulfenamide form, and irreversibly binds H⁺/K⁺-ATPase (the proton pump), blocking the final common step of acid secretion regardless of the stimulating pathway (histamine, gastrin, or acetylcholine). Because binding is irreversible, acid suppression outlasts its relatively short plasma half-life, recovering only as new pump protein is synthesized (roughly 24-48 hours). Uses: peptic ulcer disease, GERD, H. pylori eradication (as part of triple therapy). Adverse effects: generally well tolerated short-term; long-term use — hypomagnesemia, increased fracture risk, vitamin B12 deficiency, increased susceptibility to enteric infections including C. difficile.
