Paper II — 2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme) — Q1

Paper II

2024 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)

Question

Classify Antimalarial drugs. Write the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Chloroquine. (3+3)

Q16 marksEssays★✓

Answer

Classification of antimalarial drugs

Class	Examples
Blood schizonticides	Chloroquine, Quinine, Artemisinin derivatives, Mefloquine
Tissue schizonticides	Primaquine, Atovaquone-proguanil
Gametocytocides	Primaquine, Artemisinin derivatives
Chemoprophylactic agents	Chloroquine, Doxycycline, Mefloquine

Chloroquine — mechanism, uses, adverse effects

• Mechanism: chloroquine → accumulates in the parasite’s acidic food vacuole (ion-trapped as a weak base) → inhibits haem polymerase → blocks conversion of toxic free haem into inert haemozoin → toxic free haem accumulates and kills the parasite.
• Uses: treatment of P. vivax malaria (still largely effective), chemoprophylaxis, rheumatoid arthritis/lupus (immunomodulatory property).
• Adverse effects: retinopathy (irreversible, dose/duration-related), pruritus (notably common in patients of West African descent), QT prolongation at high doses. Widespread resistance has substantially limited use against P. falciparum.

Related Concepts

1. 1Antimalarial Drugs

Other Years Asked

1. 1(2022 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
2. 2o fever with chills for the past two days and diagnosed as a case of plasmodium falciparum malaria.2017 February (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
3. 3Classify drugs used in treatment of malaria. Explain the mechanism of action, adverse effects and dose of any one such drug. Which drug is used for radical cure of acute vivax malaria.2015 February (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
4. 4Read the case history and answer the following questions: An 18 years old boy was brought to the outpatient department with history of fever with chills and shivering for the past three days. Peripheral blood smear showed presence of intra erythrocytic P.vivax parasite. (2+2+2)  Prescribe drugs treatment for the patient with dosage schedules.  Explain the mechanism of action of chloroquine.  What are the adverse effects of chloroquine when used for prolonged period in large doses2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
5. 5An immigrant labourer comes to the hospital with fever, chills and rigor. Peripheral smear showed malarial parasites. He was given chloroquine and primaquine.  Classify antimalarial drugs  Why are chloroquine and primaquine combined.  Explain the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of chloroquine.  List four drugs used for chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria. (2+1+2+1)2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
6. 6Classify anti malarial drugs. Mention the adverse effects and therapeutic uses of chloroquine. (2+2+2=6)2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 6 marks
7. 7How will you treat a case of malaria. What is the treatment given for relapse. Mention the drugs which can be given to prevent malaria while visiting an endemic area. (2+2+2)2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 6 marks
8. 8Treatment of Chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
9. 9Artemisinin based combination therapy in Malaria2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
10. 10Artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT ) in malaria2016 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
11. 11Chloroquine2025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
12. 12Chloroquine2020 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
13. 13Artemisinin derivatives2019 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
14. 14Chloroquine2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
15. 15Chloroquine2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 3 marks
16. 16Acyclovir2021 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
17. 17Used in chloroquine resistant malaria2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
18. 18Primaquine in plasmodium vivax malaria2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
19. 19Primaquine in Vivax malaria2022 October (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
20. 20Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.2016 February (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
21. 21Treatment of multi drug resistant falciparum malaria2013 April (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
22. 22Sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine in malaria2020 February (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark
23. 23Chloroquine resistant malaria.2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Answer · 1 mark