Paper I
Question
(A): IL-4 and IL-13 causes activation of M2 macrophages (R): M2 macrophages are not microbicidal
Answer
Correct answer: b) Both A & R are correct but R is not reason for A
Both statements are independently correct, but R is not the reason for A. IL-4 and IL-13 (Th2 cytokines) do drive alternative macrophage activation (M2 polarization), which is a distinct, separate fact from the observation that M2 macrophages are not microbicidal — the latter is a functional property/consequence of the M2 phenotype (geared toward tissue repair, anti-inflammatory activity, and parasite defence rather than pathogen killing), not the reason IL-4/IL-13 cause that activation in the first place.