Paper II — 2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) — Qviii

Paper II

2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) · 100 marks · 180 min

Question

Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is associated with

1. H. pylori infection
2. Chronic alcoholism
3. Tobacco usage
4. Plummer vinson syndrome a) 1, 2, 3 b) 2, 3, 4 c) 3, 4,1 d) 1, 2 ,4

• a) 1, 2, 3
• b) 2, 3, 4
• c) 3, 4,1
• d) 1, 2 ,4

Qviii1 marksMCQs★✓

Answer

For reference, genuine risk factors for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma include: chronic alcohol consumption, tobacco use (smoking and chewing), very hot beverages/food, nutritional deficiencies (vitamin A, zinc), achalasia, caustic (lye) strictures, Plummer-Vinson syndrome, human papillomavirus (in some high-incidence regions), and dietary nitrosamines.

Related Concepts

1. 1Diseases of the Oral Cavity

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