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Paper II — 2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) — Q9

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Paper II
2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) · 100 marks · 180 min

Question

Differentiate between antigenic shift and antigenic drift

Q94 marksShort Answers

Answer

Differences between antigenic shift and antigenic drift (influenza virus)

FeatureAntigenic driftAntigenic shift
MechanismAccumulation of point mutations in surface antigen genesReassortment of gene segments between two different influenza A strains
Magnitude of changeMinor, gradualMajor, abrupt
Occurs inBoth Influenza A and BInfluenza A only
ResultNew antigenic variant, partial cross-protection from prior immunity remainsCompletely novel subtype, little/no pre-existing population immunity
Clinical consequenceSeasonal influenza epidemicsPotential for pandemic
FrequencyContinuous, occurring every seasonInfrequent, unpredictable
Vaccine implicationRequires annual review/update of vaccine compositionMay require an entirely new pandemic vaccine formulation
  1. 1Influenza

Other Years Asked

  1. 1o high grade fever, head ache, nasal discharge and cough and breathing difficulty. Answer the following.2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 10 marks
  2. 2Read the following clinical history and answer the following questions A 45 years old diabetic male was hospitalized in ICU isolation ward for the following complaints. High fever for two days, rapidly progressive sore throat, cough, dyspnoea and headache of one day duration. He gave history of returning from a country which was notified for the presence of a pandemic flu like disease.  What is the most probable diagnosis.  What specimen do you collect from the patient  How do you transport it to laboratory  How will you proceed with the specimen in the microbiology lab for the proper lab diagnosis.  What is the role of vaccine in preventing this disease (1+1+2+4+2)2022 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 10 marks
  3. 3What is antigenic shift and drift in influenza virus. What are the implications. What are the risk factors for complications following influenza infection2022 February (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 8 marks
  4. 4Antigenic variations of influenza virus2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  5. 5Antigenic variations in influenza virus2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
  6. 6Antigenic shift in influenza virus.2013 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  7. 7Antigenic variation in influenza virus2021 May (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  8. 8Draw the morphological structure of influenza virus2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  9. 9Avian influenza2018 July (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  10. 10Antigenic shift2017 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  11. 11Antigenic variations of influenza virus2025 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  12. 12Morphology of influenza virus2014 September (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  13. 13Antigenic drift.2023 March (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
  14. 14A: Influenza viruses are responsible for pandemics over the years R: Antigenic shift is common is these viruses2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme)MCQ (Multi) · 1.8 marks
  15. 15Name an antiviral drug used for the treatment of influenza.2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)1 mark
  16. 16List TWO common viral causes of community acquired pneumonia.2022 February (2019 Scheme)1 mark
  17. 17Name ONE antiviral drug used for treatment of influenza2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)1 mark

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