Paper II — 2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) — Qvi

Paper II

2024 December (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) · 100 marks · 180 min

Question

Cholera

1. Has potential to cause pandemics
2. Hanging drop test of stool sample helps in rapid diagnosis
3. Causes dysentery in children
4. Can present as hypovolemic shock in severe cases leading to death a) 1, 2, 3 are correct b) 1, 3, 4 are correct c) 2, 3, 4 are correct d) 1, 2, 4 are correct

• a) 1, 2, 3 are correct
• b) 1, 3, 4 are correct
• c) 2, 3, 4 are correct
• d) 1, 2, 4 are correct

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Answer

Key facts regarding cholera: caused by Vibrio cholerae (serogroups O1 and O139), a curved, comma-shaped Gram-negative bacillus; transmitted via the faeco-oral route, typically through contaminated water/food; produces cholera toxin, which raises intracellular cAMP in intestinal epithelial cells, causing massive, watery (“rice-water”) stool secretion and severe dehydration; diagnosed by stool culture on TCBS (Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile-Salts-Sucrose) agar, showing characteristic yellow colonies, and by dark-field microscopy showing characteristic “shooting star” motility; treated primarily with oral/IV rehydration therapy, with antibiotics (e.g., doxycycline, azithromycin) as an adjunct to reduce disease duration/severity. Without the original four numbered statements from the source question, the specific combination intended by the examiner cannot be confirmed.

Related Concepts

1. 1Cholera

Other Years Asked

1. 1Four workers from a construction site were admitted in a primary health centre with watery diarrhoea, fatigue and muscle cramps. On examination, they were dehydrated with tachycardia. The stool samples were collected for examination and appeared like rice water. The bacteria isolated in stool culture was comma shaped and motile.2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Essay · 15 marks
2. 2A 40 years old male complains of effortless passage of loose watery stools for about 10 times in the past 24 hours. The stool is colorless, watery fluid with flecks of mucus resembling rice water. Answer the following:2017 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 10 marks
3. 3A twenty five years old man presented with the complaints of frequent passage of profuse, painless, watery diarrhea and copious effortless vomiting for the past two days. He was severely dehydrated and his stool was rice watery with flecks of mucous. Answer the following:  What is your diagnosis  Name the bacteria causing this disease  Mention the mode of transmission of this disease  Discuss the laboratory diagnosis of this condition  List the preventive measures to be followed to prevent this disease.(1+1+2+4+2)2019 February (2010 Scheme)Essay · 10 marks
4. 4Read the clinical history and answer the following questions: A 24 years old man was admitted in medical ward with a history of diarrhea for the past two days. On clinical examination he was severely dehydrated. The macroscopic appearance of the stool resembled ‘rice water’. Answer the following:2016 February (2010 Scheme)Essay · 10 marks
5. 5A 36 years man was having watery diarrhea and vomiting. He was admitted to the hospital for management of dehydration. Answer the following:  Define diarrhea.  Enumerate the bacterial etiologic agents of diarrhea.  Describe the pathogenesis of this clinical entity.  How will you provide prophylaxis. (1+2+5+2)2021 December (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Essay · 10 marks
6. 6Etiology and laboratory diagnosis of Cholera. (1+5)2025 March (Supplementary (SAY)) (2019 Scheme)Short Essay · 6 marks
7. 7Laboratory diagnosis of cholera2018 February (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
8. 8Pathogenesis of cholera2024 August (Supplementary) (2010 Scheme)Short Note · 2 marks
9. 9Name TWO halophilic vibrios.2024 March (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)1 mark