Paper II — 2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) — Q17

Paper II

2023 July (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme) · 100 marks · 180 min

Question

Name the types of gall bladder calculi

Q171 marks★✓

Answer

Gallbladder (gallstone) calculi are of three types:

1. Cholesterol stones — pale yellow, composed predominantly (>50%) of cholesterol monohydrate crystals.
2. Pigment stones — small, dark, composed predominantly of bilirubin (calcium bilirubinate); subdivided into black pigment stones (associated with haemolysis/cirrhosis) and brown pigment stones (associated with biliary tract infection/infestation).
3. Mixed stones — the most common type in practice, containing varying proportions of cholesterol, bile pigment, and calcium salts, often laminated.

Related Concepts

1. 1Cholelithiasis

Other Years Asked

1. 1Complications of gallstones2024 June (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
2. 2Etiology and types of gall stones2023 January (Supplementary) (2019 Scheme)Short Answer · 4 marks
3. 3Name three types of gall stones2022 February (2019 Scheme)1 mark